Introduction to RE, CE and ESD in EMC Testing

RE, CE and ESD are essential test items in emc testing, which ensure the electromagnetic compatibility and reliability of electronic products in electromagnetic environments. They evaluate the radiated emission, conducted emission and electrostatic discharge immunity of products respectively, guaranteeing that products operate properly in various electromagnetic conditions without interfering with other devices, while safeguarding user safety and extending equipment service life.

Radiated Emission (RE) Test

Definition

Evaluates the level of electromagnetic radiation interference generated by electronic, electrical products or systems during operation. It ensures no interference to other electronic devices and maintains electromagnetic radiation within safe limits, protecting users from harmful electromagnetic radiation.

Purpose

Prevent electromagnetic radiation generated by the product during operation from interfering with other devices.

Ensure the product's electromagnetic radiation complies with relevant standards and regulations.

Common Test Standards

For consumer products: en 55032 (RE & CE), Class A and Class B.

Conducted Emission (CE) Test

Definition

Assesses the level of electromagnetic disturbance emitted by electronic, electrical products or systems through conductive paths such as power cables and signal lines during operation.

Purpose

Prevent electromagnetic interference to other devices via conductive paths.

Ensure the product does not adversely affect other equipment when operating on public power grids or signal lines.

Test Content

Measures interference signals emitted through power cords, signal lines and interconnection cables during equipment operation, verifying whether the energy exceeds the standard limits.

Common Test Standards

• China: GB 18655 (RE & CE), with 5 levels; Level 3 is conventional, while Level 5 is increasingly targeted.

• Europe: EN 55014 for household and similar appliances, as well as CISPR 16, iec 61000-4-6, etc.

Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Test

Definition

Evaluates the immunity of electronic products to electrostatic discharge, identifies and resolves potential ESD issues in a timely manner, ensuring user safety and equipment lifespan.

Purpose

Ensure the product is not damaged or degraded in performance when exposed to electrostatic discharge.

Assess the product's anti-electrostatic discharge interference capability.

Test Methods

• Direct Contact Discharge: The discharge electrode of an ESD generator directly contacts metallic parts of the device under test, simulating discharge when an operator or object touches the equipment.

• Air Discharge: The discharge electrode approaches the device under test without physical contact, simulating discharge between a person/object and nearby objects.

Common Test Standards

• Consumer products: IEC 61000-4-2 (international), GB/T 17626.2-2006 (Chinese). Direct contact discharge: ±4 kV; air discharge: 8 kV.

• Medical electrical equipment: iec 60601-1-2 (international), YY 0505 (national). Direct contact discharge: ±4 kV; air discharge: 8 kV.